10 Years Later: Has Digital India Delivered?

In July 2015, the Government of India initiated the Digital India mission with a vision for the bold: to make India a digitally empowered society and a knowledge economy. Ten years on, it’s time to take a pause and ponder—what has been achieved, what continues to hold us back, and is India really digitalised?

Spoiler: The response isn’t a simple yes or no.

What Has Worked: The Digital Backbone We Have All Started To Ignore

  1. World’s Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI):
    We currently live in a country where digital identity (Aadhaar), real-time payments (UPI), and digital documents (DigiLocker) are a part of everyday life.
    The DPI stack has made waves globally; countries like Singapore, France, and Kenya are studying versions of this model or already implementing it.
  2. Welfare, No Intermediaries:
    Through the JAM Trinity (Jan Dhan, Aadhaar, Mobile), the govt. claimed that they have directly transferred ₹34 lakh crore into beneficiaries hands without leakages. This is a monumental change in how subsidies are delivered to citizens and social welfare.
  3. Platforms that Delivered:
    CoWIN has achieved the immense task of managing India’s vaccination programme. The telemedicine platform eSanjeevani has surpassed 13 crore consultations. FASTag, UMANG, and MyGov have indirectly digitalised citizen engagements with the state.
  4. India as a Startup Powerhouse:
    Because of helpful policies such as Startup India and user-friendly online services, India counts more than 100 unicorns. The country now takes the lead worldwide in areas like fintech, edtech, and healthtech.

Where We Stumble: The Gaps That Persist

  1. The Rural-Urban Digital Divide
    Yes, internet and connectivity have reached over 800 million Indians. But even now, there are plenty of areas where people do not have reliable access to Internet connection. Tribal areas, hilly states and border regions are still clearly on the wrong side of the digital map.
A close-up shot of a compass resting on a map of India, symbolizing exploration and travel.

To make things worse, only about 35% of rural households have Internet connectivity, and women remain disproportionately disconnected.

  1. The BharatNet Bottleneck
    Initially launched to connect 2.5 lakh gram panchayats with optical fiber, BharatNet has been hampered by delays, vendor problems and low take-up. In many places the fibre is in place, but they lack power, last mile equipment, and trained operating people.
  2. Digital ≠ Digitally Literate
    With projects like PMGDISHA, launched to train rural residents in digital skills, digital fluency is still low, especially for older residents, people with disabilities, and first time users.

The Price of Speed: Cybersecurity and Privacy Failures

As digital infrastructure was advancing at record pace, data protection laws and digital ethics have remained stagnant. We’ve seen, Billion’s of Aadhaar data expose, CoWIN data leak, Lack of serious grievance process, local digital ombudsman.

India’s Data Protection Bill only passed in 2023, cybersecurity strategies do not have on-the-ground implementation.

Local Innovation vs One Size Fits All

Digital India’s most powerful advantage—centralised digital services—can also create blind spots. Platforms like CoWIN illustrated the power of scale, but on the ground issues are often silenced. There is little opportunity for states, districts, or communities to adapt technology to suit their local governance or culture.

Is India Really Digital? Yes – and No. We have world-class digital rails, but not every citizen can use them. We are seeing a rise in digital entrepreneurship, but the digital rights literacy is still low. We have infrastructure, but we don’t have trust, safety, or equal access. A mobile phone in hand does not translate into empowerment – especially when content isn’t in your language, you’re constantly surveilled, or you have no idea how to be safe online.

What comes next for Digital India 2.0? The next phase must move beyond access and look at:
– AI for All: As IndiaAI and ONDC are quickly gaining
-Digital skill-building: Not just coding, but also civic digital literacy.
-Including design: That works for elderly, disabled, women, and low-literate users.
-Ethical and safe tech: Enhanced data governance, grievance redressal, and accountability.

Digital India has absolutely changed how we live, transact, and govern. But a genuinely digital nation isn’t just built on bandwidth; it needs equity, inclusion, and empathy, as core tenants.

Question mark cutouts in layered paper craft style on a brown backdrop, conceptual art.

Over the next 10 years, we need to ask the more important question:

Can we have India not just as a digitally equipped country, but a digitally just and inclusive country?

Quantum India: At the Edge of a New Technological Epoch

India’s quantum technology ecosystem is expected to undergo significant change around 2025. There is a noticeable uptick in conversations and advancements on quantum innovation in academic institutes, startup ecosystems, and critical policy domains. Even if artificial intelligence still makes the news, quantum computing and communication are subtly paving the way for a more profound technological shift that may completely alter how India protects its data, models complexity, and constructs infrastructure for the future.

Creative depiction of 'quantum' using wooden letter blocks on a blurred natural background.

The establishment of the National Mission on Quantum Technologies and Applications (NMQTA) in 2020, supported by a ₹8,000 crore budget, set the foundation for this momentum. As we move forward in time, we are starting to see results. This year, Bengaluru-based startup QpiAI unveiled a 25-qubit quantum computer—an achievement that signals

Research in quantum sensing, encryption, and simulation has accelerated at government and academic institutions such as IISER Pune, C-DAC, and IIT Madras. Infrastructure development and experimentation are being accelerated by partnerships with worldwide colleagues. In addition to enhancing India’s technical prowess, these partnerships establish the nation as a legitimate player in the development of international quantum governance and standards.

Elegant black globe and notebook against warm bokeh lights, perfect for educational themes.

Even with the advancements, there is still a long way to go. The lack of qualified quantum professionals is one of the most urgent issues. Due to the interdisciplinary nature of quantum development, knowledge of physics, computer science, engineering, and systems design is required. It will take significant expenditures in curriculum reform, research money, and domestic fellowships that encourage sustained involvement in the subject to build such capacity at scale.

Hardware independence is another important difference. India still relies on imported parts for quantum processors, cryogenic equipment, and specialized chips, even if software algorithms and simulations are being produced domestically. This reliance may limit India’s innovation cycle’s speed and independence. It will be necessary to develop domestic hardware capabilities through public-private cooperation and focused industrial support in order to create a fully robust quantum ecosystem.

India, however, has a clear edge. Our experience developing scalable digital public goods, such as DigiLocker, and UPI, has demonstrated that technology change need not be exclusive or top-down. When used properly, quantum technologies have the potential to improve public services, ranging from critical infrastructure protection and defense encryption to healthcare diagnostics and climate modeling.Equity and ethics must be prioritized, though, just like with any new technology. Quantum systems could lead to the concentration of political, economic, and technological power. We run the risk of reproducing current digital gaps in even more enigmatic and unaccountable ways if we don’t have broad access, open research, and transparent governance.

Abstract green matrix code background with binary style.

More than just celebration is required at this time; strategic patience, policy vision, and group creativity are needed. Quantum is a foundation to carefully lay, not a fad to follow. And 2025, with all of its fervor and focus on quantum, might be regarded as the year India ceased to be a spectator and began to influence the discourse.

As someone who works at the nexus of technology, policy, and community empowerment, I see this change as a chance to innovate, but to do so in a way that is inclusive, ethical, and deliberate. The tale of quantum technology in India is still being written. Let’s make sure it’s a story that everyone can enjoy.

Are you keeping up with India’s progress in tech policy? Leave a comment below, follow me on linkedin or connect with me via email at [email protected]

India on the ‘NEWS’ Edge

In the age of instant updates and 24/7 headlines, news in India is no longer just a source of information—it’s a full-blown experience. Over the past two weeks, as the nation held its breath through political changes, military developments and challenges, social unrest, and economic shifts, we’ve all been riding a wave of emotion. It’s in our WhatsApp groups, our dreams, our tempers, and even our health.

The news has never felt more personal.

From below of illuminated signboard with news papers magazines inscriptions hanging on metal ceiling on street

Cross-Border Tensions: A Nation on Edge—and on Screen

India’s recent military developments across the border and the debate over ceasefire talks with Pakistan held center stage. But far from sober, factual coverage, most news channels made it a drama show. Screens lit up with graphics of fire-belching tanks, “war room” panels, jarring music, and hyper-nationalist analysis.

Instead of analyzing the intricacy of geopolitical events, some anchors handled it as if it were a cricket match—complete with simulated battles, retort countdowns, and bombast. Sometimes, the tone slid into satire, with panelists jeering at the other side and framing a serious military issue as primetime entertainment.

This strategy did more than manipulate facts—it inflamed emotion. Audiences weren’t merely educated; they were provoked. Reality and dramatization became indistinguishable. The outcome? ? A gratuitous increase in national apprehension. For numerous viewers at home, the cacophonous arguments and blinking statistics didn’t provide illumination—they presented discombobulation, agitation, and a profound sense of discomfort. What might have been a moment for rational public understanding became instead a boisterous, too-often derisive spectacle.

Natural Disasters & Climate Angst: Fear in Every Forecast

As geopolitical tensions seethed on television screens, nature produced its own breaking news. Unseasonal rains lashed cities, premature forest fires raged across Uttarakhand’s delicate ecosystems, and a merciless heatwave seared vast tracts of central and northern India. These were pivotal stories—but the manner in which they were presented left little space for reflective thought.

Prime time segments included flashing “ALERT” signs, sonic booms of music, and apocalyptic rhetoric. “Fireballs in the Hills!” or “The Heat That Can Kill!” became common headings. Rather than providing scientific background or solutions, most channels opted to maximize fear—repeating extreme imagery, bringing in generalist commentators, and excluding voices of climate scientists or local responders.

Brave firefighters battle a blaze amidst thick smoke in an outdoor setting.

What’s happening is not only a climate crisis—it’s a crisis of how we’re taking it in. For young Indians in particular, the outcome is increasing climate anxiety: a chronic feeling of fear about the future. Media’s good-hearted urgency sometimes becomes overdrive, transforming awareness into overwhelm. In attempting to raise the alarm, the news might be paralyzing many with fear, instead of empowering them to act.

Cheerful young woman in a casual outfit shouting into a megaphone on a sunny day.

News as Emotional Contagion: Between Headlines and Heartbeats

One minute, the news is hailing India’s semiconductor achievements with victory anthems and beaming studio boards. The next, it lurches into hushed speculation on inflation, job cuts, or market collapses. This sustained swinging—between patriotic pride and patriotic fear—causes emotional whiplash among viewers.

Rather than providing balanced context, most news outlets tilt into extremes. Multifaceted progress is boiled down to sensational dichotomies: “India Rising” or “Economic Meltdown,” “Vishwaguru” or “Vulnerable Giant.” And the outcome? A public moved not by reason, but by mood swings.

This type of emotionally manipulative reporting doesn’t just educate—it infects. It transmits optimism one day and terror the next. Eventually, this cycle conditions us to look at the world as precarious and threatening, even when facts could be more complicated. For most Indians, particularly younger audiences and digital natives, the news becomes less a source of clarity and more a vector for emotional churn—scroll by scroll, soundbite by soundbite.

So, what is the solution?

good, bad, opposite, choice, choose, decision, positive, word, sign, decide, hope, good, good, bad, bad, bad, bad, opposite, choice, choice, choice, choice, choice, choose, choose, decision, decision, decision, decision, positive, positive, hope

The answer isn’t to turn off entirely—but to take a step back intentionally. Decide what you read. Counteract doomscrolling with richer, more positive reading. Track trusted sources. And above all, take a break for your mind and personal call but help the seniors of the houses to listen and stick to the right information not misleading one.

In the past fortnight, Indian media has demonstrated what a powerful tool the news is in driving not only talk, but shared sentiments; not a proud moment the NEWS Channel gave to us. It has the ability to unite, to awaken—but overwhelm as well. And as the country navigates more moment-defining times ahead, the actual test will be not merely the way events progress, but how we choose to react to them as aware, emotionally stable citizens.

Read carefully, think critically, and share responsibly.

Access to the Digital World, Fundamental right: Supreme Court

In a landmark judgment that resonates with the pulse of our increasingly digital world, the Supreme Court of India has declared digital access a fundamental right, intrinsically linked to the right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution. This momentous decision, delivered on Wednesday, April 30, 2025, not only acknowledges the profound impact of technology on our lives, but also mandates the government to actively bridge the digital divide that continues to exclude significant portions of the population.

The ruling came in response to petitions filed by individuals facing severe challenges in accessing essential digital services due to their disabilities. The petitioners, including acid attack survivors with complete blindness, highlighted the discriminatory nature of digital Know Your Customer (KYC) processes that rely on features like live photographs requiring blinking – an impossible task for them.

The Supreme Court bench, comprising Justices JB Pardiwala and R Mahadevan, unequivocally stated that in this “contemporary era, where access to essential services, governance, education, healthcare and economic opportunities is increasingly mediated through digital platforms, the right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution must be reinterpreted in light of these technological realities.”  

This insightful observation underscores the reality that in today’s world, being digitally excluded often translates to being excluded from fundamental aspects of life. The Court recognized that the “digital divide,” characterized by unequal access to digital infrastructure, skills, and content, perpetuates systemic exclusion not only of persons with disabilities but also of large sections of rural populations, senior citizens, economically weaker communities, and linguistic minorities.  

In a powerful affirmation of the principle of substantive equality, the judgment emphasized that digital transformation must be inclusive and equitable, catering to the diverse needs of all citizens. The Court issued a series of crucial directives to the central government, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), and other regulatory authorities, demanding a comprehensive overhaul of existing digital frameworks:

  • Revision of KYC Norms: The Court specifically ordered the revision of digital KYC guidelines to ensure alternative verification methods for individuals unable to meet requirements like blinking or facial movements. This includes the development of alternative formats such as Braille and voice-enabled services.
  • Universal Accessibility: The judgment mandates that all digital services, whether provided by government or private entities, must be made accessible to persons with disabilities. This includes ensuring compliance with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) and other accessibility standards.
  • Alternative Verification Methods: The authorities are directed to develop and implement alternative modes to verify “liveness” during KYC processes and to continue offering paper-based KYC as an accessible option.
  • Appointment of Accessibility Nodal Officers: All regulated entities are now required to appoint accessibility nodal officers to oversee and ensure compliance with the new guidelines.
  • Inclusive Design and Testing: The Court stressed the importance of involving individuals with disabilities, particularly those with blindness, in the pre-launch testing phases of digital platforms and features.
  • Provision of Assistive Technologies: Authorities are instructed to procure software that provides options for sign language interpretation, closed captions, and audio descriptions for visually and hearing-impaired users.  

This landmark ruling signifies a paradigm shift in how India views digital access and a closer step towards the vision of ‘Digital India‘. It is no longer merely a matter of policy discretion but a constitutional imperative. By recognizing digital access as a fundamental right, the Supreme Court has paved the way for a more inclusive and equitable digital ecosystem, ensuring that the benefits of technological advancements reach every citizen, regardless of their abilities or circumstances. This judgment is a powerful step towards bridging the digital divide and truly empowering all individuals to participate fully in the digital age.

References:
1) https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/digital-access-intrinsic-to-right-to-life-sc-rules-101746037816159.html

2) https://brandequity.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/digital/digital-access-part-of-fundamental-right-to-life-and-liberty-says-sc/120814631

3) https://www.boomlive.in/law/supreme-court-digital-access-fundamental-right-differently-abled-inclusivity-28463

4) https://www-ndtv-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/www.ndtv.com/india-news/in-landmark-order-supreme-court-says-digital-access-a-fundamental-right-8292719/amp/1

Universal Acceptance: Is It Really Reaching the Common People?

India celebrated its third Universal Acceptance (UA) Day on March 28, 2025, at the India Habitat Centre, New Delhi. Organized by the National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI) under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), the event focused on the theme “Connecting the Unconnected – Building a Multilingual Internet for Viksit Bharat”.

India’s Digital Landscape: A Statistical Overview

  • Internet Users: As of early 2024, India had approximately 751.5 million Internet users, representing an Internet penetration rate of 52.4%.
  • Rural Internet Penetration: In 2024, rural areas accounted for 55% of India’s 886 million active internet users, highlighting significant growth in rural Internet adoption.
  • Literacy Rates: The overall literacy rate in India stood at 77.7% in 2021, with male literacy at 84.7% and female literacy at 70.3%.
  • Linguistic Diversity: India is home to 22 officially recognized languages and a total of 121 languages and 270 mother tongues, reflecting its vast linguistic diversity.

The Imperative for Universal Acceptance

Despite the substantial number of Internet users, a significant portion of India’s population faces barriers due to language constraints. The predominance of English in digital spaces limits access for non-English speakers, particularly in rural areas where digital literacy is still developing. Universal Acceptance aims to bridge this gap by ensuring that domain names and email addresses in local languages are universally recognized and functional across all Internet-enabled applications and systems.

While UA Day celebrates progress, the real question is: Is it making a tangible impact on the common people?

Despite India’s initiatives toward Universal Acceptance (UA) and multilingual Internet, the real impact on the ground remains limited. The challenge isn’t just about enabling domain names or websites in different languages—it’s about ensuring that the people who actually need it know about it and can use it effectively.

1) Awareness Gap: Do People Even Know UA Exists?

  • Most rural users still rely on intermediaries (cyber cafes, agents, or family members) to access digital services. Even though government websites now support 22 languages, a majority of users don’t even know about these options or how to navigate them.
    Example: A farmer wanting to apply for subsidies may not know that the PM-Kisan website is available in Hindi, Tamil, or Marathi. Instead, they depend on others, defeating the purpose of accessibility.

    2) Digital Literacy: Language Alone Won’t Solve the Problem
  • Even if a website is available in a local language, many first-time users struggle with digital literacy—understanding how to use search functions, fill online forms, or verify information.
    Example: The government’s Bhashini initiative provides real-time translations, but how many people know how to enable or use it?

    3) Keyboards and Input Barriers
  • Typing in regional languages remains a challenge. Many official Indian language keyboards are not user-friendly, and auto-suggestions often fail.
    Example: Someone trying to create an email in Bengali or Odia may struggle because their name in the local script is not recognized by major platforms.

    4) Policy vs. Execution: Are We Measuring Impact?
  • While events like UA Day highlight India’s commitment to digital inclusivity, there is little public data on whether these efforts are truly helping.
    -How many people have actually started using email IDs in regional languages?
    -How many businesses have shifted to domain names in Indian scripts?
    -How many government services report an increase in non-English users?

    Without these metrics, UA risks becoming a symbolic effort rather than a transformative one.

    The Way Forward: Beyond Celebrations to Real Change
  • Mass Awareness Campaigns – TV, radio, and grassroots efforts to teach people about multilingual internet.
  • Simplified Digital Tools – Voice-based navigation like bhashini , better keyboards, and AI-powered assistance in Indian languages.
  • Government Mandates with Accountability – Policies ensuring UA compliance in all digital services, with real-time tracking of adoption.

    UA can be a game-changer for India setting example at a global level—but only if it moves beyond technical implementation to real-world adoption. Otherwise, we risk celebrating progress that hasn’t yet reached the people who need it most.
Indian map close-up with a flag and multiple colored pushpins.

For more information on Universal Acceptance and related initiatives, visit:

Note: The information provided is based on the latest available data as of April 3, 2025.
Reference:
1) https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2024-India
2) https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/telecom/telecom-news/indias-internet-user-base-to-surpass-900-million-by-2025-driven-by-rural-growth-report/articleshow/117304976.cms
3)https://www.noidabusinessguide.com/literacy-rate-in-india-2024/
4) https://akjoshischool.com/list-of-official-languages-of-indian-states-and-union-territories.html
5) https://uaday.in/
6) https://uasg.tech/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/UASG-FY23-Action-Plan.pdf

India’s Rising Internet Shutdowns: Why It Matters & What You Need to Know

In an era where digital connectivity is increasingly recognized as a fundamental right, India’s frequent use of internet shutdowns has become a contentious issue. Reports indicate that India experienced 88 internet shutdowns due to communal violence between 2023 and 2024, which comprised all such shutdowns worldwide during that period. Since 2018, India has accounted for nearly 95% of global internet shutdowns linked to communal unrest, highlighting a stark trend in the country’s approach to managing digital access during times of social tension.

What Are Internet Shutdowns?

An internet shutdown is a government-enforced restriction that either fully blocks internet access or limits specific services, such as social media platforms. These shutdowns can vary in scope, affecting a few districts or entire states, and significantly disrupt the lives of millions of people.

The Data Behind India’s Shutdowns

A detailed examination of the state-wise breakdown of internet shutdowns in India due to protests in 2024 reveals concerning patterns:

  • Manipur: Experienced 14 shutdowns, contributing significantly to the overall disruptions.
  • Haryana: Saw numerous shutdowns primarily linked to communal tensions.
  • Other States: Multiple shutdowns occurred across various regions, severely impacting businesses, education, and everyday communication.

India has become notorious for having the highest number of government-imposed internet shutdowns. Authorities often justify these shutdowns by citing concerns over law and order, despite the significant disruptions they cause to various sectors of society.ion, these disruptions come at a high social and economic cost.

The Human Cost of Internet Blackouts

Internet shutdowns present a significant challenge for students who rely on digital learning, businesses that depend on online transactions, and journalists covering sensitive events. These shutdowns restrict access to timely information, impede emergency responses, and infringe upon fundamental rights such as freedom of speech and access to knowledge.

A Global Perspective

While internet shutdowns are not unique to India and occur in multiple countries, the frequency and scale at which they are implemented in India are unmatched. The international community, including organizations such as Access Now and research teams from The Hindu, have expressed significant concerns regarding the high frequency and far-reaching implications of these shutdowns.

The Path Forward

There is an urgent need for transparent policies and viable alternatives to blanket internet shutdowns. Governments should consider measures such as content moderation, targeted restrictions, and enhanced cybersecurity enforcement to address concerns without completely severing digital access. As reliance on digital technologies increases, protecting the right to internet access is crucial for democracy, economic development, and societal advancement.

The discussion around India’s internet shutdowns should focus on long-term solutions that strike a balance between security concerns and citizens’ rights.

Bank Login Update: New Secure Domain Coming in April

Bank users should be on alert starting April 2025, as new changes are being introduced regarding the login procedure of their accounts as now, a new domain would have to be checked before gain access to the accounts of users. The surge in digital frauds is a matter of concern, warranting action by all stakeholders, in action to which the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has announced the rollout of an exclusive ‘.bank.in’ domain for Indian lenders to combat digital financial fraud. Following this, a .fin.in’ domain will be introduced for the broader financial sector.

What Should Users Expect?

Financial organizations are consistently updating their security features in order to protect themselves from cyber criminals attacking them. In the modern world where Ceaseless campaigns are being executed for users credentials by creating false websites in order to Phish, fraudsters are proliferating. In an attempt to tackle this problem, banking institutions are resorting to a much more secure and easily verifiable domain.

How Should Users Prepare Themselves?

Stay updated, be on the lookout for any comms coming from your bank that may provide insight on the new domain.The new domain once announced should be bookmarked immediately in order to prevent any mistakes in typing that have the potential to lead to phishing websites.

Make sure to look for https within the address bar. Doing this will signal that there is a secure connection and ensure safety. Cyber criminals may exploit this transition period by sending fake messages or emails so it is best to be cautious. Any new information should be verified and checked against the bank’s official website or customer service.

Activate Two-Factor Authentication (2FA), If not properly initiated, establish your 2FA settings to ensure an additional layer of security is in place.

A digital representation of cybersecurity in banking, featuring a secure padlock over a glowing '.bank.in' domain name on a futuristic interface. The background includes financial symbols, data encryption visuals, and a subtle Indian Rupee symbol to signify the Reserve Bank of India's initiative against digital fraud.

To Sum Up

The shift of this particular domain is done in order to improve security measures when it comes to systems with banking clients. One must remain cognizant and implement these practices in order to facilitate the transfer with ease and maintain the privacy of your finances. The safest approach if you have any questions is to reach out to your bank.

The most important rule is to keep checking what new communications appeared from your bank, as well as make sure that your online banking account is properly secured.

And as Bank says “Keep banking with us”

After DeepFake, It is DeepSeek for India now

DeepSeek is Rising

“We’re still grappling with the challenges of deepfakes, and now China has unveiled its AI giant—DeepSeek. What does this mean for the future of AI and global tech dynamics?

The global artificial intelligence (AI) landscape witnessed a seismic shift as Chinese startup DeepSeek unveiled its generative AI model, challenging the technological dominance of American giants like OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Google’s Gemini. Unlike its US counterparts, DeepSeek is entirely open-source and operates on lower-end chips, making it a cost-effective alternative at just $5.6 million—barely 2% of OpenAI’s O1 model. By sidestepping high-end hardware, which is under US export restrictions, DeepSeek has sent shockwaves through Silicon Valley, shaking the AI ecosystem.

Despite these advancements, DeepSeek’s prospects in India remain uncertain. The country has maintained a wary stance on Chinese technology, particularly following the 2020 border clashes. This geopolitical tension has already led to the banning of Chinese apps such as TikTok and restrictions on telecom equipment from companies like Huawei and ZTE. As a result, Indian firms developing AI applications are likely to remain reliant on US technologies and Nvidia’s graphics processing units (GPUs), despite growing concerns over technological dependency.

The DeepSeek Disruption

DeepSeek’s appeal lies in its affordability, accessibility, and independence from high-end computing resources. The model’s open-source nature makes it a lucrative option for businesses and developers seeking cost-effective AI solutions. However, concerns over security, data sovereignty, and geopolitical ramifications loom large.

The security risks stem from potential data transfer to external servers, a challenge that applies to all generative AI models, including ChatGPT. While local deployment could mitigate risks, trust remains a key issue.

India’s AI Challenge: Dependence vs. Self-Reliance

India’s AI ambitions are at a crossroads. While global AI competition intensifies, India faces the dual challenge of ensuring technological sovereignty while keeping pace with AI advancements. The government’s efforts to bolster domestic compute infrastructure and large language models (LLMs) are in early stages, with policy discussions underway.

The question of data governance is equally critical. The recently enacted Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Act, along with anticipated rules on cross-border data flow, could impose further restrictions on AI models relying on external infrastructure. Data localization requirements may hinder the adoption of models like DeepSeek if they require data transfers to China, adding another layer of complexity for Indian firms.

The Geopolitical AI Race and India’s Position

The AI race is not just about technological advancements but also about geopolitical influence. The US, through initiatives like the $500 billion Stargate project and export controls on high-end GPUs, is actively shaping the global AI landscape. The restrictions on advanced Nvidia chips, including the A100 and H100 series, have already impacted China’s AI ambitions, pushing Chinese firms to develop alternatives like DeepSeek.

For India, this intensifying AI arms race signals a crucial moment to invest in indigenous AI capabilities.

A robotic hand reaching into a digital network on a blue background, symbolizing AI technology.

The Path Forward: Strengthening India’s AI Ecosystem

While India has ambitious plans for developing its AI capabilities, execution remains a challenge. Building an independent AI ecosystem requires substantial investment in research, compute infrastructure, and regulatory frameworks that encourage innovation while safeguarding national security.

One immediate step is enhancing India’s compute infrastructure. The country must invest in high-performance computing (HPC) resources to support large-scale AI training, reducing reliance on foreign GPUs. Collaborations between academia, industry, and government bodies can accelerate the development of indigenous LLMs, customized for India’s linguistic and socio-cultural landscape.

Furthermore, policies must strike a balance between fostering innovation and addressing security concerns. The voluntary ethics code under development should provide clear guidelines on the adoption of foreign AI models, ensuring that companies using solutions like DeepSeek implement stringent data governance practices.

India Must Secure Its AI Future

A close-up shot of a compass resting on a map of India, symbolizing exploration and travel.

DeepSeek’s rise underscores a broader reality—AI is no longer just about technology; it is a battleground for economic and geopolitical dominance. For India, the choice is clear: either remain dependent on external AI providers, whether from the US or China, or take decisive steps toward technological self-sufficiency.

If India fails to act now, it risks falling behind in the AI revolution, ceding control over critical digital infrastructure. To truly embrace AI’s potential, India must prioritize indigenous AI development, ensure secure data governance, and build an ecosystem that aligns with its national interests. Only then can India assert its position as a global AI leader, rather than a passive consumer in the unfolding AI era.

Global Organizations and ITU Join Forces to Democratize AI Education

Low angle view of European Union flags on flagpoles against a blue sky, symbolizing unity.

Artificial Intelligence | Geneva, 20 January 2025

In a groundbreaking move to address the growing global AI skills gap, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has launched the AI Skills Coalition, a collaborative initiative aimed at democratizing access to AI education worldwide. With founding contributors including industry giants like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft, Cognizant, and regional bodies like the East Africa Community, this coalition represents a united effort to ensure equitable access to AI training and capacity building.

The announcement was made during the World Economic Forum’s Annual Meeting in Davos, where ITU emphasized the critical role of digital technologies in shaping a sustainable future. The AI Skills Coalition will serve as an online platform offering open and accessible training in generative AI, machine learning, and the application of AI for sustainable development. This initiative aligns with the United Nations’ Pact for the Future and Global Digital Compact, addressing the urgent need for global AI capacity building.

“Let’s make sure everyone has a chance to learn the skills they need to benefit from the AI revolution,” said ITU Secretary-General Doreen Bogdan-Martin. “Our new AI Skills Coalition aims to train thousands of people this year, especially those in regions just beginning their AI journey, as part of our commitment to ensure all communities can fully participate in our shared digital future.”

The Global AI Skills Gap: A Pressing Challenge

Recent research cited in ITU and Deloitte’s AI for Good Impact Report reveals that 94% of global business leaders consider AI critical to their organizations’ success. However, the lack of technical skills, the need for upskilling and reskilling, and the challenge of building trust in new technologies remain significant barriers to AI adoption worldwide.

The AI Skills Coalition, a flagship program under ITU’s AI for Good Impact Initiative, seeks to address these challenges by providing educational resources that empower individuals and organizations. The initiative also focuses on reducing the underrepresentation of marginalized groups—such as women, youth, and persons with disabilities—in the development and use of AI technologies.

“Generative AI is rapidly transforming the workforce, with LinkedIn data showing a 142x global increase in professionals adding AI skills in just one year,” noted Kate Behncken, Global Head of Microsoft Philanthropies. “We are proud to collaborate with the ITU AI Skills Coalition to provide accessible AI training, certifications, and capacity-building for policymakers, IT professionals, and organizational leaders.”

A human hand with tattoos reaching out to a robotic hand on a white background.

A Collaborative Approach to AI Capacity Building

The coalition will leverage the global reach of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), which operates in over 170 countries and territories, to deliver AI training directly to partner nations.

“Capacity development is critical for addressing the AI equity gap, particularly in developing countries,” said Achim Steiner, UNDP Administrator. “Aligned with the vision of this coalition, we will work with our partners to deliver AI training that equips policymakers and stakeholders with the knowledge needed to responsibly adopt and use AI for sustainable development.”

Phased Implementation and Key Features

The AI Skills Coalition will roll out in phases, with a focus on underserved and marginalized communities. Founding organizations are contributing training materials, financial resources, and outreach support to build a robust platform, set to launch in March 2025.

The platform will feature:

  • A comprehensive training portfolio and a customizable digital library of AI resources.
  • Self-paced courses, webinars, and access to in-person workshops tailored to diverse learning needs.
  • Free access to foundational resources, with advanced certifications available at affordable rates.

Throughout 2025, the coalition will expand its offerings to include specialized programs for the general public, as well as government-focused training in AI governance, ethics, and policymaking—particularly for developing and least developed countries (LDCs).

AI for Good Global Summit 2025

The coalition’s efforts will culminate at the AI for Good Global Summit, scheduled for 8-11 July 2025 in Geneva. The summit will host a series of in-person workshops and skill-building sessions, further solidifying the coalition’s mission to bridge the global AI skills gap.

A Step Toward an Inclusive AI-Powered Future

The AI Skills Coalition represents a significant step toward ensuring that the benefits of AI are accessible to all, regardless of geography or socioeconomic status. By fostering collaboration between global organizations, private sector leaders, and UN agencies, this initiative aims to create a more equitable and inclusive digital future.

As the world continues to embrace AI, initiatives like the AI Skills Coalition remind us that the true potential of technology lies in its ability to empower everyone—not just a privileged few.


Reference:
1) https://aiforgood.itu.int/ai-skills-coalition/
2) https://tinyurl.com/ITU-AI-Skills
3) https://cloud.google.com/learn/what-is-artificial-intelligence

The VPN Dilemma: Balancing Privacy, Security, and Digital Innovation

Hello, I’m new to the community. I’ve been facing issues connecting to 1.1.1.1 with WARP since yesterday. It was working fine before, but the problem started after my ISP performed some maintenance. I suspect the issue might be related to the ISP. Is there any possible solution for this?When I searched Reddit for answers about why WARP (aka 1.1.1.1) is not working, I found many similar comments, like:
“I believe that ISP has to do something with that because I am getting this issue after ISP maintenance.”

Curiosity led me to search for more articles on Reddit and other platforms, but unfortunately, I found very few, and they contained too little information.

Drawing from my five years of experience working and writing on technological aspects, I delved into understanding the dynamics of blocking services like 1.1.1.1. The reasons often seem to be tied to political and geographical factors, with the most common justification being “national security” and concerns over confidential data.

“I have been using 1.1.1.1 WARP from India, but 1.1.1.1 WARP mode is not working on the Jio network, while the normal private DNS is functioning. Reset network settings: Done. Reboot device: Done. Always-on VPN: Done. Clear cache and storage: Done. Uninstall and reinstall: Done. Reset private keys: Done. Still, WARP mode is not working. What should I do? And what is the reason behind this?”(solution quoted on the community page)
Many more solutions like this have been shared in the community pages, but sadly, nothing works. I am obliged to install another VPN, as I am left with no other option due to the urgency of the work.

Searching for the exact reason behind this, I came across some information that I’m not entirely sure is legitimate but seems relatable—or at least understandable.

One random user explained:
“Basically, the rule in India is that you can operate a VPN as long as you maintain data related to the user, including their name, ID, IP accessing from, and IP accessing to. I think the 1.1.1.1 client actually operated anonymously (because if I remember, you didn’t actually need to log in to use it). iCloud+ Private browsing maintains that information (account-related, etc.) so it should be safe. Similarly, running your own Tailscale cluster and enterprise VPNs are not impacted—for example, Cloudflare for Teams is allowed, and the Cloudflare One Agent app can be downloaded and is still available.”

Another user added:
“Cloudflare stores user data on the Zero Tier corporate plan, which is tied to accounts. The free 1.1.1.1 app did not require an account, hence it was removed. I cannot answer as to why Proton VPN continues to work or has not been removed. I only gave an opinion as to why the free Cloudflare product may have been removed. For what it’s worth, you can set up your own VPN and run it, and as long as you maintain a user login and account history, you can operate a VPN.”

The list of removed VPNs includes other services like Hide.me and PrivadoVPN. Apple, citing a demand from the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre—a division of the Ministry of Home Affairs—stated that these app developers had created software that contravenes Indian law.

On the other hand, several VPN providers have robustly opposed the Indian government’s mandate. When the framework was introduced, prominent developers like NordVPN, ExpressVPN, Surfshark, and ProtonVPN publicly criticized the requirements, with some even indicating plans to remove their server infrastructure from India. For example, Surfshark’s services are no longer purchasable via UPI, a payment method that was available before the rules came into effect. Despite these challenges, NordVPN, ExpressVPN, and Surfshark continue to operate in India, although they have scaled back active promotion of their apps in the country.

The Indian government’s actions against VPN service providers hold even greater significance when considering the country’s position as one of the world’s largest VPN markets, with substantial growth anticipated in the coming years.

In 2023, India’s VPN market generated an impressive $4.166 billion in revenue and is projected to reach $7.681 billion by 2030, growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.1% from 2024 to 2030. With an estimated 270 million VPN users in 2021, the market remains dominated by a limited number of providers, including Surfshark, NordVPN, ExpressVPN, PureVPN, IPVanish, and others. Despite regulatory challenges, these players continue to cater to a substantial user base in India.

The restriction on VPN services is not unique to a major country like India; several other nations are also engaging in this “banning game” under the guise of national security and data regulations. Countries such as China, Russia, Germany, and Italy have also implemented measures to control or restrict VPN usage, citing similar justifications of safeguarding national interests and ensuring compliance with local laws.

I referenced the community pages solution and inquiries because I haven’t found any direct comment or official report from the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India, regarding the banning of these regulations. This raises the question: while policymakers, law experts, diplomats, and technocrats may have discussed these bans, similar to the DPDP, why are such policies put out for public comment even after being enforced?

Close-up view of a mouse cursor over digital security text on display.

Why is everything being imposed in the name of national security? The challenge is that, while we advocate for encryption and data privacy, we also ask for data storage, suggesting that privacy might, in fact, be a myth. Our devices, always with us, listen even when not in use, reinforcing this paradox.

It’s a social dilemma of the Internet age. On one hand, we promote privacy and encryption, while on the other, innovators are developing AI systems that collect all our information. I’m not arguing that imposing regulations on the majority is wrong, but is there a way to balance technology, innovation, and regulation? This is simply a thought from a technical writer’s perspective.